Convert 32-bit integer to hexadecimal

Q: Convert 32-bit integer to hexadecimal

This question evaluates understanding of integer representation, hexadecimal notation, bitwise operations, and 32-bit two's complement arithmetic. It is commonly asked to assess low-level data representation and edge-case handling within the Coding & Algorithms domain, and it tests practical implementation skills alongside conceptual understanding of binary and base conversion.

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Question

Problem

Given a 32-bit signed integer num, return its hexadecimal representation as a string.

Requirements

Use lowercase letters a-f .
Do not include leading zeros (unless the value is exactly zero).
For negative numbers, return the hexadecimal representation of the corresponding 32-bit two's complement value.

Input

Integer num in range [-2^31, 2^31 - 1]

Output

A string containing the hexadecimal representation.

Examples

num = 26 → "1a"
num = 0 → "0"
num = -1 → "ffffffff"

Follow-ups (optional)

Implement without using built-in base conversion utilities (e.g., no toString(16) / format ).