Explain Python internals and practices

Q: Explain Python internals and practices

This question evaluates a candidate's mastery of Python internals and engineering practices, including concurrency and the GIL, threading/multiprocessing/asyncio models, context managers and decorators, iterators and generators, type hints and static analysis, packaging and environments, profiling and optimization techniques, memory management, and exception design. It is commonly asked to assess reasoning about trade-offs that affect maintainability, performance, and reproducibility, and it tests the Coding & Algorithms domain with both conceptual understanding and practical application.

Q: How do I approach Coding & Algorithms interview questions?

Coding & Algorithms questions require understanding of core concepts and practice. PracHub provides solutions with explanations to help you master coding & algorithms interviews.

Question

Answer the following Python deep-dive questions:

Explain the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) and its impact on CPU-bound vs I/O-bound tasks.
Compare threading, multiprocessing, and asyncio; provide scenarios and short code snippets for each.
Implement and explain a custom context manager and a decorator; discuss common use cases.
Describe iterators and generators, including yield from , generator cleanup, and backpressure.
Discuss type hints (PEP 484), dataclasses , and static analysis tools (e.g., mypy); show how types improve maintainability.
Explain packaging and environments (venv, pip, wheels) and dependable dependency management (pinning, lock files, reproducibility).
Identify performance pitfalls and demonstrate profiling (cProfile, line_profiler) and optimization techniques (vectorization, caching, PyPy/C extensions).
Describe Python memory management (reference counting, cyclic GC) and strategies to avoid leaks.
Outline exception handling best practices and how to design custom exceptions.

Explain Python internals and practices

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