Design a cross-region event processing platform

Q: Design a cross-region event processing platform

This is a System Design interview question from Capital One for Software Engineer roles. View the full question and solution on PracHub.

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Question

Scenario

Design a cross-region event processing platform that ingests events from producers, stores them durably, and delivers them to multiple consumers for processing.

Requirements

Producers send events continuously from multiple regions.
Consumers (in one or more regions) subscribe to event streams and process events.
Must support:
- Durability (events should not be lost)
- Scalability (high throughput)
- Cross-region replication / disaster recovery
- Ordering guarantees (at least per key/partition)
- Retries and backpressure
- Handling duplicates (at-least-once is acceptable if dedup is possible)
Operational needs:
- Monitoring, replay, dead-letter queues, retention policies

Deliverables

Describe:

Public API for producing/consuming events
Storage/log architecture and partitioning
Cross-region replication strategy
Delivery semantics (at-most/at-least/exactly-once) and how you achieve them
Failure handling (region outage, consumer lag)

Design a cross-region event processing platform

Scenario

Requirements

Deliverables

Solution

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