Anthropic Coding & Algorithms Interview Questions
Anthropic Coding & Algorithms interview questions tend to skew practical and systems-minded rather than purely contrived puzzles. Expect live, timed coding rounds (often in a shared Python environment or CodeSignal), system-design-style problems for scaling and reliability, and behavioral questions tied to safety and collaboration. Interviewers evaluate problem decomposition, correctness, edge-case handling, performance trade-offs, code clarity and modularity, and how you reason about concurrency, data mutation, and robustness under changing requirements. Deep follow-ups are common: a working solution is a starting point, not the finish line. For interview preparation focus on building polished, testable implementations of multi-stage problems (for example in-memory stores, streaming/aggregation tasks, or concurrent data structures), practicing clear verbal articulation of trade-offs, and rehearsing concise safety- and values-aligned stories. Time-boxed mock interviews in the same tools you’ll use, steady practice with Python standard library idioms, and walking through post-solution optimizations will pay off. Emphasize readability, small iterative steps, and how you validate and harden code — those habits map directly to what Anthropic seeks.

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Implement a crash-resilient LRU cache
Implement an LRU-based memoization helper with behavior similar to a standard Python LRU cache. You are given an interface like this: `python class LR...
Implement an in-memory DB with TTL backup/restore
Problem Design an in-memory database that stores values in a nested structure: - key (string) → field (string) → value (string) - Each (key, field) en...
Design stack with O(1) minimum query
Design a stack-like data structure that supports the following operations, each in O(1) time: - push(x): push integer x onto the stack - pop(): remove...
Implement an LRU cache
Implement a fixed-capacity key-value cache with least-recently-used eviction. Support the following operations: - get(key) -> value: return the value ...
Implement a web crawler using a provided API
Web Crawler (BFS) You are implementing a simple web crawler. Given - A starting URL startUrl. - A provided API: - List<String> getUrls(String url) w...
Generate outputs for images and pipelines
You are given m input images and n processing pipelines. - Each pipeline is an ordered list of k operations (e.g., resize, rotate, crop, blur, color t...
Implement staircase printing and distributed mode/median
Problem A: Print a “staircase” pattern Implement a function that prints a staircase with n rows. Input - An integer n (n >= 1) Output - Print n lines....
Find duplicate files and apply image operations
Part A — Find duplicate files by content You are given a list of directory records. Each record is a string describing a directory path followed by on...
Design an in-memory banking service
Design an in-memory banking service supporting timestamped operations and edge-case semantics. Implement: ( 1) create_account(id, t): Create a new acc...
Design a single- and multi-threaded web crawler
Web Crawler (single-threaded, then multi-threaded) You are given: - A starting URL startUrl (e.g., "http://news.example.com/a/index.html"). - An inter...
Implement file deduplication at scale
Write a program to deduplicate files in a very large directory tree. Identify groups of identical files without loading entire files into memory. Outl...
Convert stack samples to execution trace
You are given sampling-profiler output: a list of Sample objects ordered by timestamp ascending. Each Sample has (t: float, stack: list[str]) where st...
Detect duplicate files efficiently
You are given access to a very large file system containing file paths and read access to file contents. Design an algorithm to identify groups of fil...
Parse and Reconstruct Stack Trace
Given a multi-line stack trace string from a single thread (e.g., each frame is in the form 'at Module::Function(file:line)'), design and implement a ...
Simulate stack traces from logs
Given a list of log entries describing function calls, each formatted as "<id> <event> <timestamp>" where event ∈ {START, END} and timestamps are inte...
Parse and Reconstruct Stack Trace
Given a multi-line stack trace string from a single thread (e.g., each frame is in the form 'at Module::Function(file:line)'), design and implement a ...
Implement crawler, dedup, and persistent LRU
Question LeetCode 1236. Web Crawler: Crawl web pages starting from a given URL within the same hostname. LeetCode 609. Find Duplicate File in System: ...
Convert stack samples to trace events
Question Implement convertToTrace(samples) that, given a chronologically ordered vector of stack samples (each sample contains a timestamp and a call-...
Parse and Reconstruct Stack Trace
Given a multi-line stack trace string from a single thread (e.g., each frame is in the form 'at Module::Function(file:line)'), design and implement a ...
Implement Python LRU cache with args and persistence
Implement an LRU cache in Python as a decorator or class that correctly supports variable-length positional arguments and keyword arguments. Ensure th...