This question evaluates financial modeling, unit-economics calculation, breakeven analysis, and basic risk/expected-loss estimation relevant to a Data Scientist, testing competency in statistics & math and algebraic derivation within financial analysis.

A bank is evaluating a new credit card. Segments: A: 30,000 customers, capture rate 20%, avg annual spend per captured customer = 20,000. Assumptions: revenue = 3% of cardholder spend; default/charge-off cost = 1% of spend; acquisition cost = 10,000,000. a) Compute total annual spend captured, gross revenue, costs, and profit. b) Name two additional costs you would include (e.g., rewards/cashback, servicing) and explain directionally how they change profit. c) A partnership adds 5,000 new customers, each spending 500 signup bonus paid at activation. Assume spend accrues uniformly, retention is indefinite, no discounting, and the 500 bonus are both paid immediately. At what time (years, 2 decimals) does the incremental $500 break even? Sketch the cumulative net profit curve over time and label breakeven. e) Derive the default rate r (as a function of parameters) that makes profit exactly zero.