Merge two sorted arrays in-place

Q: Merge two sorted arrays in-place

This question evaluates a candidate's competency in in-place array manipulation and algorithmic complexity analysis, emphasizing maintenance of sorted order under constant-space constraints.

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Question

You are given two sorted integer arrays nums1 and nums2.

nums1 has length m + n . The first m elements contain the sorted data in non-decreasing order. The last n elements are placeholders (for example, zeros) and should be ignored.
nums2 has length n and contains n sorted elements in non-decreasing order.

Merge nums2 into nums1 so that nums1 becomes a single sorted array of length m + n, still in non-decreasing order.

You must perform the merge in-place in nums1, using only O(1) additional space.

Describe your algorithm in detail and analyze its time and space complexity. You do not need to provide actual code.

Merge two sorted arrays in-place

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