SQL JOIN Interview Questions
SQL JOIN questions test whether you can combine data across tables while preserving the right grain and relationships. Expect INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, CROSS, and FULL OUTER JOINs, plus multi-table joins and JOIN + aggregation patterns.
Common SQL JOIN interview patterns
- INNER vs LEFT JOIN logic
- Anti-joins (find missing records)
- Self-joins for comparisons within a table
- JOIN + GROUP BY for aggregated results
- Conditional joins with additional predicates
- Multi-key joins across composite keys
- Deduplication using JOINs
SQL JOIN interview questions
Design student–course data models and SQL
Compute join counts and window ranks
Write left-join queries with tricky filters
Solve window-function SQL without joins
Diagnose MySQL joins and GROUP BY/HAVING errors
Assess SQL joins, unions, windows, dedup, and pandas
Select max-discount product per category
Write SQL to verify quarterly sales decline
Write SQL for deliveries analytics
Analyze NYC taxi trips efficiently over last 7 days
Write SQL to rank advertisers and profitability
Implement left join on Python lists, no packages
Write SQL/Python for ACH fraud analytics
Compute video-call SQL metrics with edge cases
Compute CTR overall and by campaign type
Write SQL to analyze group-call concurrency
Compute unconnected 60s posts and reactions averages
Write SQL for visibility, calls, and cohort activity
Append country tables and rank salaries in USD
Common mistakes with SQL JOINs
- JOIN explosion from many-to-many relationships
- Filtering in WHERE instead of ON for LEFT JOINs
- Incorrect NULL handling on optional joins
- COUNT(*) vs COUNT(column) confusion
- Duplicate rows after joins
How JOIN questions are evaluated in interviews
Correctness beats performance; the right result set matters most.
Explain your join keys, assumptions, and how NULLs are treated.
Reasoning and clarity matter more than memorized syntax.
Related SQL concepts
SQL JOIN Interview FAQs
What is the difference between INNER JOIN and LEFT JOIN in interviews?
INNER JOIN returns only matching rows from both tables, while LEFT JOIN keeps all rows from the left table and fills unmatched right rows with NULLs. Interviewers often test whether you choose the correct join for required vs optional relationships.
When should I use a subquery instead of a JOIN?
Use a subquery when you need to filter or aggregate before joining, or when a correlated condition is clearer. JOINs are better for combining row-level data, while subqueries can simplify multi-step logic.