Apply operations efficiently using Command pattern

You are given an initial state and a list of operations that should be applied to it. ### Setup - The state can be thought of as a mutable object (e.g., a document, a numeric value, an inventory map, or a configuration object). - Each operation has a type and parameters (e.g., `Set(key, value)`, `Increment(key, delta)`, `Delete(key)`, etc.). ### Requirements 1. **Implement an operation executor** that applies all operations to produce the final state. 2. Use an object-oriented approach consistent with the **Command Pattern**: - Each operation should be represented as a command with an `execute(state)` method (and optionally `undo(state)` if discussed). 3. **Optimize execution** when possible: - Avoid naively applying every operation sequentially if there are opportunities to combine, cancel, reorder, or short-circuit operations **without changing the final result**. ### What to discuss - Your command abstractions and how new operation types can be added. - Correctness constraints for optimization (when reordering/merging is safe). - Time/space complexity and edge cases (conflicting operations, no-ops).