Count words in a document robustly

Quick Overview

This question evaluates text-processing and algorithmic engineering skills, specifically precise tokenization rule definition, robust handling of Unicode and punctuation, streaming/large-file processing, unit testing for corner cases, and analysis of time and space complexity.

Count words in a document robustly

Company: Microsoft

Role: Software Engineer

Category: Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)

Difficulty: medium

Interview Round: Onsite

Given a text document, return the number of words under a precise definition. First, state the tokenization rules you will use (e.g., treat contractions like "it's" as one word, decide how to handle hyphenated terms like "state-of-the-art", numbers like "3.14", punctuation, Unicode apostrophes/quotes, and multiple whitespace). Then implement a function that counts words accordingly, handles very large files/streams, and includes unit tests for corner cases (empty input, only punctuation, mixed languages). Analyze time and space complexity and discuss trade-offs between regex-based tokenization and a manual scanner.

Quick Answer: This question evaluates text-processing and algorithmic engineering skills, specifically precise tokenization rule definition, robust handling of Unicode and punctuation, streaming/large-file processing, unit testing for corner cases, and analysis of time and space complexity.

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Aug 14, 2025, 12:00 AM
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Given a text document, return the number of words under a precise definition. First, state the tokenization rules you will use (e.g., treat contractions like "it's" as one word, decide how to handle hyphenated terms like "state-of-the-art", numbers like "3.14", punctuation, Unicode apostrophes/quotes, and multiple whitespace). Then implement a function that counts words accordingly, handles very large files/streams, and includes unit tests for corner cases (empty input, only punctuation, mixed languages). Analyze time and space complexity and discuss trade-offs between regex-based tokenization and a manual scanner.

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