This question evaluates understanding of credit-related financial concepts and competencies such as creditworthiness, borrowing capacity, interest pricing, repayment obligations, and lender risk assessment.

A bank is onboarding a new analyst and wants to confirm their understanding of fundamental financial concepts before deeper discussion on lending products. You are interviewing for a data-focused role where clear, structured explanations are valued.
Explain what "credit" means in a financial context and why it is important to both consumers and financial institutions.
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