Design multi-region banking data synchronization

Q: Design multi-region banking data synchronization

This question evaluates competency in distributed systems and data consistency for financial applications, emphasizing replication, transaction correctness, conflict resolution, idempotency, and operational resilience.

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Question

System design: Global bank with multi-region data consistency

A digital bank operates in multiple geographic regions (e.g., EU, US, APAC). Users can log in and perform operations (balance checks, transfers, card payments) from anywhere.

Prompt

Design a data architecture that keeps customer/account data consistent across regions.

Requirements

High availability and low latency for reads (users worldwide).
Correctness for money movement (no double-spend).
Tolerate regional failures and network partitions.
Clear consistency model: what must be strongly consistent vs what can be eventually consistent.

Discuss

Replication strategy (sync/async, leader-based vs multi-leader).
How to handle cross-region writes (especially transfers).
Conflict resolution and idempotency.
Operational concerns: recovery, reconciliation, auditing, observability.

Design multi-region banking data synchronization

Quick Overview

System design: Global bank with multi-region data consistency

Prompt

Requirements

Discuss

Solution

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