Design real-time crypto prices homepage

Q: Design real-time crypto prices homepage

This question evaluates system design competency for real-time, low-latency data pipelines and client fanout for a crypto prices homepage, testing skills in data ingestion and normalization, streaming updates, API design, caching and storage, scalability, multi-region reliability, and monitoring.

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Question

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Design a system that powers a “crypto explore/home” page (like an exchange’s market page) that:

Shows a list of crypto assets (e.g., BTC, ETH, SOL, …)
Displays near real-time price updates (and optionally 24h change, volume, etc.)
Updates many concurrent clients efficiently (web + mobile)

Assume you have access to upstream market data (from exchanges/market makers/internal pricing service) that produces frequent ticks.

What to cover

Requirements (latency, freshness, accuracy, ordering)
APIs for initial page load and live updates
Data ingestion/normalization and internal price computation
Fanout strategy to clients (WebSockets/SSE/push)
Storage, caching, and historical needs (optional)
Scalability, multi-region, reliability, and monitoring

Design real-time crypto prices homepage

Quick Overview

What to cover

Solution

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