Encode an Integer with Standard Roman Symbols
Company: Amazon
Role: Software Engineer
Category: Coding & Algorithms
Difficulty: medium
Interview Round: Other
### Problem
Convert the integer `value` into its standard Roman-numeral representation. Write the decimal place contributions from largest to smallest, using this symbol table:
| Symbol | Value |
| --- | --- |
| `I` | `1` |
| `V` | `5` |
| `X` | `10` |
| `L` | `50` |
| `C` | `100` |
| `D` | `500` |
| `M` | `1000` |
Within a decimal place, ordinary values use the largest applicable symbol and then the remaining value. A place digit of four or nine uses its subtractive form. The only permitted subtractive pairs are `IV`, `IX`, `XL`, `XC`, `CD`, and `CM`, representing `4`, `9`, `40`, `90`, `400`, and `900` respectively.
Consecutive repetition is limited to three copies of `I`, `X`, `C`, or `M`. The symbols `V`, `L`, and `D` cannot be repeated. Do not subtract across arbitrary decimal places: `49` is `XLIX`, not `IL`.
Preserve the original `intToRoman` interface: one integer argument and a string result.
### Examples
**Example 1**
```text
Input: value = 2449
Output: "MMCDXLIX"
```
The contributions are `2000`, `400`, `40`, and `9`.
**Example 2**
```text
Input: value = 86
Output: "LXXXVI"
```
The tens contribute `LXXX` and the units contribute `VI`.
### Constraints
- `1 <= value <= 3999`.
- Return the Roman representation defined by the decimal-place and repetition rules above.
Overview: Convert an integer from 1 through 3999 into standard Roman notation, respecting decimal places and the six subtractive forms.
