Measure the Final Word Before Trailing Spaces
Company: Google
Role: Software Engineer
Category: Coding & Algorithms
Difficulty: easy
Interview Round: Other
### Problem
Given the string `s`, return the length of its final word. A word is a maximal contiguous sequence of characters other than the ordinary space character `' '`. Spaces may occur at the beginning, between words, or after the last word.
```cpp
int lengthOfLastWord(string s);
```
### Examples
```text
Input: s = " Green leaf "
Output: 4
```
The final word is `leaf`; the two spaces after it are not part of the word.
```text
Input: s = "Z"
Output: 1
```
### Constraints
- `1 <= s.length <= 10000`.
- The string contains only English letters and ordinary spaces `' '`.
- At least one word is present.
Overview: Measure the final word in a letter-and-space string while ignoring trailing spaces and preserving the source alphabet.