Bayesian Posterior: Negative Review and Lazy Reviewer
Reviewer types in the population:
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Lazy reviewers are 20% of reviewers and never leave negative feedback.
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Careful reviewers are 80% of reviewers and leave positive feedback 60% of the time and negative feedback 40% of the time.
Given that you observe a negative review, what is the probability it was written by a lazy reviewer?
Constraints & Assumptions
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Use Bayes' theorem.
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Treat "never leave negative feedback" as probability zero.
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Define reviewer types and the observed negative-review event.
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Explain the intuition behind the posterior.
Clarifying Questions to Ask
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Is "never" literal, or should it be treated as a very small probability?
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Are lazy and careful reviewers the only reviewer types?
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Is the observed review randomly sampled from all reviews?
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Are review probabilities independent across reviews?
What a Strong Answer Covers
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Defines L for lazy, C for careful, and N for negative review.
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Uses P(L) = 0.2, P(C) = 0.8, P(N | L) = 0, and P(N | C) = 0.4.
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Computes P(N) = 0 times 0.2 plus 0.4 times 0.8 = 0.32.
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Computes P(L | N) = 0.
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Explains that under the stated assumptions a negative review cannot come from a lazy reviewer.
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Notes how the answer would change if lazy reviewers had a small nonzero negative-review rate.
Follow-up Questions
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What if lazy reviewers leave negative reviews 1% of the time?
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What is P(Careful | Negative)?
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How would you estimate these probabilities from data?