Tech Interview Questions

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Machine Learning Engineer + Data Scientist + Software Engineer Interview Questions

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9.2k Questions 486 Companies08.11.2026
Showing 20 results
Role
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist Locked

Design a robust traffic forecasting pipeline

This question evaluates a candidate's competency in end-to-end time-series forecasting pipeline design, covering data cleaning and missing-value handl...

Machine Learning
5
0
41 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Capital One logo
Capital One
Medium
Data Scientist

Optimize invites under capacity constraints

You have n donors (n up to 100,000). For each donor i you know: p_online[i] (probability of donating if emailed), a_online[i] (expected donation condi...

Coding & Algorithms
11
0
93 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Meta logo
Meta
Medium
Data Scientist

Write SQL to compare social-only vs game-only engagement

You are given two tables capturing Oculus app usage. Define an 'active day' as a UTC date on which a user generates at least one event. Consider only ...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
40
1
336 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Meta logo
Meta
Medium
Data Scientist Locked

Estimate Portal’s causal lift on video-call usage

This question evaluates applied causal inference and statistical analysis skills, including defining estimands, designing staggered-adoption differenc...

Statistics & Math
6
0
47 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Capital One logo
Capital One
Medium
Data Scientist Locked

Assess 3.4M target and design experiments

This question evaluates skills in growth analytics, market sizing (TAM→SAM→SOM), funnel modeling, unit economics (CAC/LTV), capacity planning, and exp...

Analytics & Experimentation
4
0
36 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Capital One logo
Capital One
Medium
Data Scientist

Reconcile ledgers with SQL/Python and late events

You own a daily ETL + reconciliation job between two financial ledgers. Late postings (“delay time”) up to 48 hours are common. Schema: - payments_raw...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
3
0
71 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Capital One logo
Capital One
Medium
Data Scientist Locked

Compute capacity, staffing trade-offs, and break-even

This question evaluates capacity-planning, bottleneck identification, labor-cost trade-offs, contractor vs overtime comparisons, break-even computatio...

Analytics & Experimentation
5
0
53 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Google logo
Google
Medium
Data Scientist

Compute precision–recall curve on imbalanced data

You receive a CSV with columns: actual_label ∈ {0,1} and predicted_prob ∈ [0,1]; the positive class rate is ≈5%. a) Which evaluation metrics would you...

Coding & Algorithms
10
0
82 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Google logo
Google
Medium
Data Scientist

Minimize L2, L1, and quantile losses

Given an array X of n real numbers, derive the value θ that minimizes the sum of squared deviations Σ(xi−θ)² (mean) and the sum of absolute deviations...

Coding & Algorithms
7
0
64 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Meta logo
Meta
Hard
Data Scientist Locked

Design hashtag recommender with cold start

This question evaluates expertise in recommender-system design, feature engineering, ranking and learning-to-rank models, cold-start strategies, evalu...

Machine Learning
3
0
41 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Data Scientist

Compute join counts and window ranks

Given the following small schema and data, answer all parts precisely and justify each count/output. Tables and rows: Customers(cust_id INT PRIMARY KE...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
7
0
60 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
OneMain Financial logo
OneMain Financial
Medium
Data Scientist

Transform clickstream with pandas sessionization

Given a pandas DataFrame events with columns [user_id:int, ts:str ISO8601 or NaT, url:str, server_log_ts:datetime], build 30-minute inactivity session...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
5
0
62 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
OneMain Financial logo
OneMain Financial
Medium
Data Scientist

Write SQL for cohort retention and ARPU

Using PostgreSQL, compute monthly signup cohort D30 retention and 30-day ARPU. Cohort month = date_trunc('month', signup_date). D30 retention = users ...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
2
0
48 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Block (Square) logo
Block (Square)
Medium
Data Scientist

Write left-join queries with tricky filters

Assume 'today' = '2025-09-01'. Do NOT use window functions (e.g., RANK). Use LEFT JOIN, COUNT(DISTINCT), GROUP BY, HAVING as appropriate. Schema: - us...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
3
0
64 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Apple logo
Apple
Medium
Data Scientist

Find longest uniform substring after k replacements

Given a string s (ASCII, length up to 2e5) and integer k (0 ≤ k ≤ |s|), return the length of the longest substring that can be turned into all the sam...

Coding & Algorithms
4
0
47 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Fannie Mae logo
Fannie Mae
Medium
Data Scientist

Assess SQL joins, unions, windows, dedup, and pandas

Using the schema and sample data below, answer all sub-questions. Unless stated, assume ANSI SQL and explain any dialect-specific choices. Schema: - c...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
0
0
4 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
TikTok logo
TikTok
Medium
Data Scientist

Count buggy vs non-buggy by employer

Count buggy vs non-buggy submissions for each employer_id, including employers with zero submissions. Return employer_id, buggy_count, non_buggy_count...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
1
0
10 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
TikTok logo
TikTok
Medium
Data Scientist

Maximize products bought under budget

Given N products and M customers, for each customer find the list of distinct products they can buy without exceeding their budget such that the numbe...

Coding & Algorithms
3
0
45 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
TikTok logo
TikTok
Medium
Data Scientist

Select max-discount product per category

You have a catalog of products. For each category, return exactly one product: the one with the largest absolute discount; if multiple products in the...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
1
0
9 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Fetch Rewards logo
Fetch Rewards
Medium
Data Scientist

Write SQL to verify quarterly sales decline

You are given a single dataset for a beverage company and must decide whether Q2 2024 truly declined. Write one standard SQL query that produces a com...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
0
0
6 people solved
Oct 13, 2025