Tech Interview Questions

Practice 9,031+ interview questions from top companies including Google, Meta, Amazon, and more. Filter by company, role, and category.

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Machine Learning Engineer + Data Scientist + Software Engineer Interview Questions

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9.0k Questions 480 Companies08.05.2026
Showing 20 results
Role
OpenAI logo
OpenAI
Medium
Software Engineer

Implement an Extensible Chatbot App

Implement a ChatApp class that processes user messages and routes them to bot responders. The system must support multiple bot types, and the design m...

Software Engineering Fundamentals
22
0
348 people solved
Apr 26, 2026
Jane Street logo
Jane Street
Hard
Machine Learning Engineer

Design an end-to-end training framework

Design an end-to-end training framework Design an End-to-End Time-Series Forecasting Framework (PyTorch) You are tasked with designing a production-gr...

ML System Design
33
0
323 people solved
Aug 1, 2025
OpenAI logo
OpenAI
Hard
Machine Learning Engineer

Design and optimize a RAG system

Scenario You are building a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system for question answering over an internal document corpus (engineering wikis, de...

ML System Design
40
0
457 people solved
Dec 15, 2025
Plaid logo
Plaid
Easy
Software Engineer

Design a ChatGPT-like conversational assistant

Design a ChatGPT-like conversational assistant product. Assume you need to support: - Multi-turn chat with conversation history - Streaming responses ...

System Design
67
0
493 people solved
Feb 4, 2026
OpenAI logo
OpenAI
Hard
Machine Learning Engineer

Debug a transformer training pipeline

Debug a Transformer training pipeline You are handed a PyTorch Transformer encoder–decoder training pipeline that misbehaves. The pipeline includes to...

Machine Learning
58
0
1006 people solved
Jul 31, 2025
Atlassian logo
Atlassian
Medium
Software Engineer

Design a trie-based URL router with wildcards

Design a trie-based URL router with wildcards Implement a URL routing matcher that supports adding route patterns and matching request paths, using a ...

Coding & Algorithms
24
0
178 people solved
Jul 31, 2025
Apple logo
Apple
Easy
Data Scientist

How would you critique this regression?

Question You are reviewing a modeling workflow built by another data scientist and asked to critique it. Business context A website receives traffic f...

Statistics & Math
32
0
242 people solved
Jan 8, 2026
Google logo
Google
Hard
Data Scientist

Explain logistic regression vs forests and boosting

Technical Screen — Machine Learning Answer all parts precisely. 1) Binary logistic regression: model, loss, gradient, convexity - Define the model: p(...

Machine Learning
15
0
127 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Airbnb logo
Airbnb
Medium
Data Scientist

Design a network-aware Wi‑Fi badge experiment

You work on a two‑sided travel search marketplace and product wants to add a “High Wi‑Fi” badge/filter in the search bar to help remote workers. Recom...

Analytics & Experimentation
26
0
189 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
OpenAI logo
OpenAI
Medium
Machine Learning Engineer Locked

Design an OOD detection system

This question evaluates a candidate's competency in ML system design, specifically out-of-distribution detection, production monitoring, interpretabil...

ML System Design
20
0
160 people solved
Dec 14, 2025
DoorDash logo
DoorDash
Medium
Software Engineer

Debug a Random Dasher Registry

Debug a Random Dasher Registry A registry supports adding dashers and randomly selecting and removing one. It uses a dense array of dasher IDs plus a ...

Software Engineering Fundamentals
0
0
9 people solved
Apr 3, 2026
Netflix logo
Netflix
Medium
Software EngineerSenior+

Design an Ad Frequency Capping System

Design a frequency capping system for an advertising platform. A frequency cap limits how many times a user can be shown an ad, campaign, line item, o...

System Design
12
0
153 people solved
Apr 3, 2026
Shopify logo
Shopify
Medium
Data Scientist

Diagnose Weekly Session Conversion Anomalies

You are a Data Scientist supporting an e-commerce platform. You receive a weekly time-series dashboard covering the past three years. The dashboard in...

Analytics & Experimentation
13
0
114 people solved
Apr 3, 2026
Apple logo
Apple
Medium
Software Engineer

Describe proudest project and toughest challenge

Behavioral questions 1. Proudest project: Tell me about the project you are most proud of. What was the goal, what did you personally own, and what wa...

Behavioral & Leadership
15
0
142 people solved
Feb 12, 2026
Rippling logo
Rippling
Medium
Software Engineer

How would you present a project deep dive?

You are asked to do a project deep dive (often with a short slide deck). Present one project you worked on and be prepared for detailed follow-ups. Co...

Behavioral & Leadership
21
0
165 people solved
Jan 16, 2026
Snowflake logo
Snowflake
Medium
Software Engineer Locked

Sort an RGB Record Collection In Place

This question evaluates a candidate's ability to implement an in-place, single-pass partitioning algorithm under strict interface constraints, commonl...

Coding & Algorithms
1
0
15 people solved
Jun 17, 2026
Google logo
Google
Hard
Data Scientist Locked

Model Soccer Shot Conversion

This question evaluates probabilistic predictive modeling, spatial-temporal feature engineering, model calibration and evaluation, and identification ...

Machine Learning
11
0
149 people solved
Dec 29, 2025
Bytedance logo
Bytedance
Medium
Software Engineer Locked

Design a Distributed Rate Limiter

This question evaluates a candidate's understanding of distributed systems, rate limiting strategies, API design, consistency and scalability trade-of...

System Design
3
0
24 people solved
Jun 2, 2026
Anthropic logo
Anthropic
Medium
Software Engineer

Design an LLM-based binary classifier

Design a Binary Text Classifier Using Only a Log-Probability Scoring Helper Context You are building a binary text classifier without fine-tuning. You...

ML System Design
30
0
565 people solved
Sep 6, 2025
Cresta logo
Cresta
Medium
Machine Learning Engineer

Implement greedy and beam decoding

Implement Greedy and Beam Search Decoders over Next-Token Probabilities Context You are given a directed token graph represented as a Python dictionar...

Machine Learning
66
0
549 people solved
Sep 6, 2025