Apple Interview Questions
Practice the exact questions companies are asking right now.
Describe common RTL lint warnings and errors
You are writing RTL (e.g., Verilog/SystemVerilog) and run a lint tool on your code. The tool reports items such as: - "Treat as black box" - Combinati...
Improve chip performance without process advances
Assume you are working on a digital chip, but the semiconductor process node and basic device technology are fixed: there is no new, faster process an...
Implement TF-IDF scoring for documents
Problem Implement a simplified TF–IDF scorer. You are given: - A list of documents docs, where each document is a string. - A query string q. Tokeniza...
Design a multimodal RAG assistant
Prompt Design a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system that can answer user questions using an internal knowledge base containing multiple modali...
Implement most_frequent_key without using max()
Problem (Python OOP) You are given two classes. Parent precomputes frequency counts of items (as strings) from an input list. `python class Parent: ...
Solve three easy algorithm problems
You are given three independent algorithmic tasks. For each one, explain your approach (no need to run code). 1) Merge two sorted lists (integers inst...
Construct a Churn-Prediction Pipeline Using Scikit-Learn
Churn Prediction Pipeline in scikit-learn Scenario You are building a churn prediction model for a subscription business. Churn is defined as whether ...
Solve interval, grid-fill, and heap tasks
You are asked to solve the following algorithmic problems. Problem 1: Concurrent users from online intervals You are given n inclusive time intervals ...
Compute and Rank Store Revenue by Region Using Pandas
Sales +------------+---------+------------+--------+---------+ | date | store_id| product_id | units | revenue | +------------+---------+------...
Compare Normal and Poisson Distributions in Statistics
Modeling Counts vs. Continuous Measurements Scenario You are modeling event counts (e.g., number of clicks) versus continuous measurements (e.g., resp...
Design a snapshotable key-value store
Design and implement a snapshotable key–value map supporting the following APIs: - S(key, value): set the current value of a string key to a string va...
Analyze TSV File for User Page Visits and Patterns
visits +-----------+-----------+------+ | person_id | timestamp | page | +-----------+-----------+------+ | 1 | 100 | A | | 1 ...
Implement deep clone for complex objects
Implement a deep-clone function for nested objects in JavaScript (or a language of your choice) without using JSON serialization or third-party librar...
Explain Python lists, dicts, and concurrency
Explain the differences between Python lists and dictionaries (maps), including common operations and their average time complexity, iteration order g...
Explain annotation agreement and LLM vs human judges
Annotation Agreement Rate: Definition, Measurement, Limitations, and LLM-as-Judge Practices Context In labeling datasets and evaluating models, we oft...
Explain CNN shapes, params, and trade-offs
CNN Shapes, Compute, and Design Trade-offs Context You are given an input tensor X with shape H×W×C = 64×64×3. Consider the following convolutional ne...
Implement rotation, LRU cache, streaming median, cycle detection
Complete the following coding tasks. For each, provide code, justify time/space complexity, and describe edge cases: 1) Image rotation: Given an n×n i...
Design video platform and catalog system
System Design: Two Independent Systems You are asked to design two large-scale systems. For each system, provide: - Scope and key requirements - Exter...
Find Maximum Sum of Contiguous Subarray Length k
Scenario Monitoring website traffic and needing the highest traffic within any fixed-length time window. Question Given an array of positive integers ...
Investigate Conversion Drop: Metrics, Analyses, Techniques Explained
Investigating a Conversion Drop After a Feature Release Context A new feature was released on an e-commerce platform. Shortly after, overall checkout ...