Susquehanna International Group · Data Scientist
Updated · 2026-09-24

Susquehanna International Group Data Scientist
Interview Questions & Guide 2026

THE 60-SECOND BRIEF

At Susquehanna International Group (SIG), data is not just an asset—it is the lifeblood of the entire firm. As a Data Scientist, you will operate at the intersection of quantitative research, software engineering, and live trading. Unlike traditional technology companies where data science might focus on user growth or product features, at SIG, your work directly impacts financial market-making, algorithmic execution, and risk management. You will build, test, and deploy highly sophisticated predictive models that analyze massive, high-frequency market datasets to identify pricing anomalies and execute trades in fractions of a second.

SQL is seldom the hardest round and is often the one that eliminates people. The working bar is usually window functions, correct deduplication, and joins that do not silently fan out rows, rather than obscure syntax.

Susquehanna International Group candidates report 5 rounds · ≈ 4-6 weeks. The stages below are what candidates describe, not a published process.

Build point-in-time panels without lookaheadSeparate forecast decay from execution costAttach uncertainty to every Sharpe claim

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See the practice prompts

14Practice promptsAcross five skill areas
3With worked solutionsIncluded in the practice prompts

At Susquehanna International Group (SIG), data is not just an asset—it is the lifeblood of the entire firm. As a Data Scientist, you will operate at the intersection of quantitative research, software engineering, and live trading. Unlike traditional technology companies where data science might focus on user growth or product features, at SIG, your work directly impacts financial market-making, algorithmic execution, and risk management. You will build, test, and deploy highly sophisticated predictive models that analyze massive, high-frequency market datasets to identify pricing anomalies and execute trades in fractions of a second.

This role is highly critical because SIG is a leading global proprietary trading firm. The models you build will directly influence how capital is allocated across options, equities, derivatives, and other complex financial instruments. You will collaborate closely with quantitative researchers, traders, and systems engineers to translate mathematical theories into highly optimized, real-world trading strategies.

The environment is fast-paced, intellectually rigorous, and deeply collaborative. Whether you are optimizing existing option-pricing models or exploring alternative datasets to find novel signals, your day-to-day work will involve solving some of the most complex mathematical and computational challenges in the financial industry. For individuals who thrive on immediate feedback, quantitative rigor, and high-impact problem-solving, this role offers an unparalleled opportunity to see your work directly affect the firm's bottom line.

01

Online Assessment

reported

Much of what gets scored here happens out loud while you type. Nobody can see your reasoning inside a half-written query, so five silent minutes read as being stuck even when they are not. State the plan in plain language first: which tables, what grain you are aggregating to, and the one filter that defines the population. Then write it. The narration doubles as insurance, because a wrong plan gets caught early and cheaply while a wrong query gets caught at the end with no time left to redo it. A timed statistics section, where one exists, is a separate test with its own clock.

What to demonstrate

  • Whether the query you write matches the plan you just described
  • What you do with a hint, meaning whether the correction gets absorbed or the first approach gets defended
  • Whether you can debug your own wrong output by reading the result set and naming which part of the query produced the anomaly

How to prepare

  • Solve three problems while screen-sharing into a recording, then watch it back and mark every stretch longer than thirty seconds where you said nothing
  • Practise compressing the plan into one sentence before typing, then check afterwards whether the finished query actually matched it
  • Time yourself on statistics questions that carry a business reading, such as what a confidence interval does and does not claim, rather than re-reading notes without a clock
PracHub interview research ↗
02

Recruiter Phone Screen

reported

Whoever runs this call is usually not a practitioner. They take notes, and a hiring manager skims those notes later, so the real question is whether your work survives being written down by someone outside the field. Test every project sentence against that: could a non-specialist repeat it correctly without knowing what a propensity score is? Carry a plain-language version of each project and one reason you want this particular role that you could not copy onto another application. Vagueness at this stage reads as inexperience, even when the underlying work was genuinely deep.

What to demonstrate

  • Whether a non-specialist can restate your projects accurately, since their paraphrase is what reaches the hiring manager
  • Whether your reason for wanting the role points at the work itself rather than the company's reputation
  • Whether your language signals the level being screened for: what you decided yourself versus what you were handed

How to prepare

  • Write a two-sentence, jargon-free version of each major project: the question nobody could answer, and the decision your work changed. Read it to someone outside data and have them repeat it back
  • Point your 'why this role' answer at something concrete in the job description or the product surface you would be working on, and keep it to two sentences
  • Have two questions ready about measurement: which metric the team is held to, and who acts on an analysis once it lands
PracHub interview research ↗
03

Technical Interviews

reported

A handful of shapes account for most of what gets asked in this format: a ranking or deduplication inside groups, a running or rolling total, a period-over-period comparison, and a cohort tracked forward over time. Recognising the shape quickly is most of the speed here; deriving it from scratch while a clock runs is where the time goes. Know that a window function keeps every row while a GROUP BY collapses them, and know which one the question needs. If the exercise is in Python instead of SQL, the same shapes arrive as groupby with transform, shift and merge, and the same grain mistakes are available.

What to demonstrate

  • Whether you reach the right construct without a detour, such as ROW_NUMBER over a partition to deduplicate instead of a self-join against a MAX subquery
  • Whether you know what your window frame actually is, since adding ORDER BY inside OVER changes the default frame and silently changes a running total
  • Whether the thing runs. A near-miss that throws an error scores below a plainer query that returns the right rows.

How to prepare

  • Write each of the four shapes once from memory against a small schema and keep the working version somewhere you will reread it: dedupe with ROW_NUMBER, a running total, a month-over-month change with LAG, and a retention table
  • Compute one running total twice on data with tied timestamps, once on the default frame and once with ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW, and look at where the two disagree
  • If Python is on the table, rebuild the dedupe and the running total with groupby and cumsum, then assert the two implementations return identical rows
PracHub interview research ↗
04

Take-Home Data Exercise

reported

Your submission is read asynchronously by someone who cannot ask you a clarifying question, and who will usually skim it before reading it properly. That changes what good looks like. The conclusion belongs near the top with the supporting analysis beneath it, and the code should run start to finish on a clean machine without a manual step you forgot to document. A reviewer forced to reconstruct your reasoning from the order of notebook cells is already discounting the work. The submissions that land are the ones where a busy reader gets the answer immediately and can verify it if they want to.

What to demonstrate

  • Whether the answer arrives before the methodology, so a reader who stops after the first page still has the recommendation
  • Whether the code runs end to end from the submitted files, with dependencies and data paths declared rather than assumed
  • Whether each chart is legible on its own, carrying axis labels and units, and exists to support a claim made in the text

How to prepare

  • Restructure a past analysis so the opening paragraph holds the recommendation and the number behind it, then check that nothing later in the document quietly contradicts it
  • Copy your own submission into an empty directory, run it in a clean environment, and fix everything that breaks; hidden local state is caught here or by the reviewer
  • For every chart, write the one sentence it is meant to prove, and delete the chart if you cannot write that sentence
PracHub interview research ↗
05

Superday

reported

A day of back-to-back interviews samples your floor, not your ceiling. Four hours in, the habits that carry a good answer are the first to go: restating the question before solving it, asking what the data would have to look like, checking a number before quoting it. What the day decides is whether the tired version of you is still someone to leave alone with an ambiguous problem. The round that sinks a candidate is usually not the hardest one. It is the one immediately after the round that went badly.

What to demonstrate

  • Whether the late rounds get the same clarifying questions as the first one, or whether you start answering immediately to save effort
  • Whether a weak answer stays in the room it happened in, instead of following you into the next conversation as apology or distraction
  • Whether the quality of your questions holds up, since fatigue removes curiosity about the problem before it removes knowledge of the method

How to prepare

  • Rehearse the length, not just the content: book four mock interviews of different types in one afternoon with short gaps, because the one you need to observe is the fourth
  • Put the two or three questions you ask at the start of any problem on a card in front of you, so that under fatigue it is a habit you run rather than a decision you make
  • Decide in advance what the gap between rooms is for: water, one line of notes on anything you promised to follow up, and an explicit close on the round that just ended so it does not travel
  • Prepare a different closing question for each interviewer, so the end of a long day does not produce the same one four times
PracHub interview research ↗

PracHub editorial advice for the preparation topics above.

01

Computing a t-statistic on daily observations of an h-day forward return as if the observations were independent.

Sampling an h-day forward return every day means consecutive observations share h-1 days of the same return, which induces strong positive autocorrelation. The naive standard error is too small by a factor on the order of sqrt(h), so a 5-day-horizon signal with a genuine t of 1.3 can present as 2.9. Either use non-overlapping samples, which costs power, or use a Newey-West or Hansen-Hodrick covariance with at least h-1 lags, and state which one was used.

02

Judging execution quality against interval VWAP and treating a favourable number as proof of good trading.

Interval VWAP is a benchmark the trader partly determines: trading in line with volume tracks VWAP almost by construction, and stretching an order over a longer interval makes the benchmark easier while exposing the position to price drift that the benchmark never charges. Arrival price is the benchmark aligned with the decision, because it charges both the spread and the drift between decision and completion, including the unfilled remainder. Reporting both, and reporting the opportunity cost of unfilled quantity, is what separates a real TCA from a flattering one.

03

Writing SQL without stating NULL and tie-breaking behaviour

Before calling a query finished, say what it does with NULLs, ties and empty groups. NOT IN against a subquery containing a single NULL returns no rows at all, and RANK, DENSE_RANK and ROW_NUMBER differ precisely on ties, so name which one the question requires.

04

Accepting a metric definition without asking about the denominator

Pin down the denominator, the eligibility filter and the time window before computing anything: conversion rate per session, per user, per eligible user and per new user are four different numbers with different behaviour. Restate the definition in one sentence and get agreement before you analyse.

Choose a category, try a prompt, then open its approach, worked solution or follow-up when you need it.

11 technical prompts3 include a worked solution

If you roll three fair six-sided dice, what is the probability that th…

medium
statistics and probability

If you roll three fair six-sided dice, what is the probability that the sum of the numbers rolled is exactly 10?

Approach
  1. Quantify uncertainty explicitly rather than reporting a point estimate alone.
  2. Sanity-check the answer against a simple bound or a simulated case.
  3. Write down the assumption the method needs before you use the method.
Follow-up
  • Which assumption here is most likely to be violated in practice?
  • How would you explain this result to someone who does not know statistics?

What is the probability of getting a Head-Tail-Head (HTH) sequence bef…

medium
statistics and probability

What is the probability of getting a Head-Tail-Head (HTH) sequence before a Head-Head-Tail (HHT) sequence when flipping a fair coin repeatedly?

Approach
  1. Quantify uncertainty explicitly rather than reporting a point estimate alone.
  2. Translate the result into the decision it informs, in one plain sentence.
  3. Write down the assumption the method needs before you use the method.
Follow-up
  • Which assumption here is most likely to be violated in practice?
  • How would you explain this result to someone who does not know statistics?

You are flipping a fair coin. What is the expected number of flips req…

medium
statistics and probability

You are flipping a fair coin. What is the expected number of flips required to get two consecutive heads?

Approach
  1. Translate the result into the decision it informs, in one plain sentence.
  2. Quantify uncertainty explicitly rather than reporting a point estimate alone.
  3. Say what the estimate is of, and over what population it generalises.
Follow-up
  • What sample size would you need to detect an effect half this size?
  • Which assumption here is most likely to be violated in practice?

Explain Bayes' theorem and walk through a scenario where you must calc…

medium
statistics and probability

Explain Bayes' theorem and walk through a scenario where you must calculate the posterior probability of a rare disease given a positive test result with a known false-positive rate.

Approach
  1. Translate the result into the decision it informs, in one plain sentence.
  2. Sanity-check the answer against a simple bound or a simulated case.
  3. Quantify uncertainty explicitly rather than reporting a point estimate alone.
Follow-up
  • What sample size would you need to detect an effect half this size?
  • Which assumption here is most likely to be violated in practice?

Annualized information ratio with an honest standard error

easyWorked solution
performanceinferencepandas

You are given active, one row per (account_id, business_date) with active_return: the daily arithmetic portfolio-minus-benchmark return, net of all costs, as a decimal. Three accounts, roughly 750 business days each. Rows are absent on exchange holidays and on days before an account's funded_date. Per account, compute the annualized information ratio (mean times 252, divided by standard deviation times sqrt(252)) and an approximate standard error for that ratio, then report a 95% interval. Do not reindex onto a calendar. State what T you used and why.

Approach
  1. Drop null active_return per account rather than filling it. T must be the number of days the account actually traded: holidays and pre-funding days are not evidence, and treating them as such changes both the point estimate and the interval.
  2. Compute the daily mean m and the daily standard deviation s with ddof=1. The annualized IR is (m/s)*sqrt(252), because the 252 in the numerator and the sqrt(252) in the denominator collapse to a single sqrt(252) factor. Say that out loud instead of writing two separate annualizations that can drift apart.
  3. Take the standard error at the frequency the statistic is estimated at: SE(SR_daily) is approximately sqrt((1 + SR_daily^2/2)/T) for i.i.d. normal returns, then scale it by sqrt(252), the same factor as the point estimate. At daily frequency SR_daily^2/2 is of order 1e-3, so the SE is effectively sqrt(252/T) and depends only on elapsed years.
  4. Report IR plus or minus 1.96*SE per account, and check the lag-1 autocorrelation of active_return. The i.i.d. assumption behind that SE is the same assumption that justifies the sqrt(252) scaling, so if the series is autocorrelated both numbers need widening and you should say by how much.
Worked solution 20 min
  1. groupby('account_id'), dropna on active_return, and record n per account before anything else.
  2. Per account compute m = mean, s = std(ddof=1), ir = m/s*sqrt(252).
  3. sr_d = m/s; se_ann = sqrt((1 + sr_d**2/2)/n)sqrt(252); interval = ir +/- 1.96se_ann.
  4. Compute lag-1 autocorrelation of active_return per account and print it in the same table as the interval.
EXPECTED RESULTFor an account with an annualized IR of 1.0 over 756 trading days the standard error is about 0.58 (sqrt(252/756) = 0.577; the SR^2/2 term moves it by under 0.1%), so the 95% interval runs roughly from -0.13 to 2.13 and the IR is not distinguishable from zero. Three years of daily data cannot establish an IR of 1.
Follow-up
  • The shortest account has 14 months of history. How much of the spread between the best and worst account IR is explainable by sampling noise alone?
  • One account carries mark_source = 'vendor_eval' on 30% of days. What does that do to the denominator, and to the independence assumption behind the standard error?
  • How many years of daily data would you need to distinguish an IR of 0.8 from an IR of 1.1 at 95% confidence?

Roughly 90 minutes a night on weekdays with one longer weekend block. The plan deliberately cuts scope rather than compressing everything, on the assumption that finishing one thing a night beats half-starting four.

Small steps. Visible outcomes.0 / 7 completed
ONE WEEK · YOUR PACE

Prepare, practise & reflect

One practical outcome each day. Spend longer where you need it.

0 / 7 done
01Fix the scope and set a baseline
  • Read the role description and write the three things the loop will almost certainly test, then write an explicit not-doing list for everything else and keep it visible all week.
  • Take one 20-minute SQL prompt and one 10-minute metric question cold, and write the single sentence that says what blocked each attempt, since that sentence is what decides which two topics get the most evenings.
  • Set the week's one rule: one problem finished to completion every night, including the night you only have 40 minutes.

Deliverable: A one-page scope with an explicit not-doing list and two cold attempts, each carrying one sentence on what blocked it.

Practice prompt ↗Practice prompt ↗Worked solution ↗
02One query pattern, written three times
  • Choose the single pattern most likely to appear (a cohort retention grid, or a funnel counted by user) and write it three times from a blank file rather than editing the previous attempt.
  • On the third attempt, write the grain of every CTE as a comment before writing its body.
  • Stop at 90 minutes even if the third version is imperfect, and write the one thing you would fix with another hour.

Deliverable: Three independent versions of the same query plus a note on what changed between them.

Practice prompt ↗Practice prompt ↗
03Only the statistics you will be asked to defend
  • Write, in under 200 words, how you would decide whether a difference between two groups is real: the test, its assumptions, and what you would switch to when an assumption fails.
  • Compute a 95 percent confidence interval for a difference in proportions by hand on realistic numbers, then write in one sentence what changes if the two samples are paired rather than independent.
  • Write your answer to "what does a p-value mean", check it against a definition, and delete the version that describes it as the probability the hypothesis is true.

Deliverable: A 200-word written answer and one hand-computed interval you can reproduce under pressure.

Practice prompt ↗Practice prompt ↗
04One case, and the assumptions holding it up
  • Answer one product case aloud in 20 minutes with a recording running, then listen back with a pen and mark every claim you asserted without saying what it rested on: an assumed user behaviour, an assumed data source, an assumed baseline rate, an assumed grain.
  • Pick the three assumptions the recommendation actually depends on, write how you would check each one against data, and say which one being wrong would flip the recommendation rather than merely weaken it.
  • Write the four-step structure you used onto a card small enough to hold in working memory when you are nervous.

Deliverable: One recording, three load-bearing assumptions each with a written check, and a four-step structure card.

Practice prompt ↗Practice prompt ↗Worked solution ↗
05Your own work, timed
  • Write a 90-second version and a four-minute version of your main project, and time both out loud rather than reading them.
  • Prepare answers to the two follow-ups that always come: what you would do differently, and how you knew it worked.
  • Put one number in the first sentence and be able to say exactly where that number came from and what it excludes.

Deliverable: Two timed narratives with one defensible number in the opening line.

Practice prompt ↗Practice prompt ↗
06The one full rehearsal, in a longer weekend block
  • Run a 60-minute mock covering query work, a case and a behavioural question in a single sitting with no breaks, because sustained attention is the thing evenings have not trained.
  • Immediately afterwards, and before hearing any feedback, write the three moments you lost the thread.
  • Spend the rest of the block only on those three moments, and on nothing you merely feel shaky about.

Deliverable: Mock notes naming three failure moments with a specific fix written under each.

Practice prompt ↗Practice prompt ↗
07Taper
  • Write the 20-minute warm-up you will actually do on the morning of the interview: one query you can already write from a blank file, one metric you can define out loud, and nothing you have never seen before.
  • Re-read only your own notes from this week, and open no new material.
  • Write down the logistics: the tool you will be asked to work in, whether lookups are allowed, and the sentence you will use when you do not know something.

Deliverable: A one-page card holding the case structure, the project numbers, and the logistics.

Practice prompt ↗Practice prompt ↗Worked solution ↗

Expand any day for tasks and deliverables. Your progress is saved on this device.

Have two ready. In one, the data was on your side and you had to move someone who outranked you. In the other, the pushback was correct and you changed position. The second is the harder story and it lands better, because it shows you separate being right from being attached to an answer. Name the person's actual objection.

Tell me about a time you made a mistake in a data analysis project. Ho…

medium
behavioural and stakeholder questions

Tell me about a time you made a mistake in a data analysis project. How did you identify the error, and what did you do to rectify it?

Approach
  1. Quantify the outcome, including what you would not claim credit for.
  2. Pick a story where you drove the decision, not one where you observed it.
  3. State the situation in two sentences and spend the rest on your reasoning.
Follow-up
  • What did you decide not to do, and why?
  • How did you know the outcome was caused by your change?

What are your favorite board games or card games, and what strategic p…

medium
behavioural and stakeholder questions

What are your favorite board games or card games, and what strategic principles do you apply when playing them?

Approach
  1. Name the disagreement or constraint, and how you resolved it with evidence.
  2. Close with what you would do differently, concretely.
  3. Quantify the outcome, including what you would not claim credit for.
Follow-up
  • What would you do differently if you ran that project again?
  • How did you know the outcome was caused by your change?

Answering whether a six-week-old signal is working yet

easy
uncertaintyexecutive communicationstatistical power

A new signal has been live six weeks: 30 trading days of realized cross-sectional IC against a 5-day forward return, mean 0.030, standard deviation across days 0.12. An executive with no statistics background asks in a Monday meeting whether it is working and wants a yes or a no. You have the daily IC series and nothing else. Give an answer in three sentences plus one number the executive can hold onto, and say when the question becomes answerable.

Approach
  1. What is probed: whether you can be honest about statistical power without hiding behind the word significant and without giving a yes that gets quoted back at you in three months.
  2. Compute the interval before you speak. The standard error of the mean daily IC is 0.12 divided by the square root of 30, which is 0.022, so a mean of 0.030 sits about 1.4 standard errors from zero. That is the optimistic bound and it is already not a yes.
  3. Adjust for overlap and say that you did. A 5-day forward return sampled every day shares four of five days with its neighbour, so the honest standard error uses a Newey-West estimator with at least 4 lags and lands materially above 0.022. Presenting the naive figure without that caveat is the same error as the signal's own author would make.
  4. Convert power into a date rather than a verdict. Detecting a true mean IC of 0.03 at two standard errors needs roughly (2 x 0.12 / 0.03)^2 = 64 independent days, and with the overlap inflation of a 5-day horizon that is on the order of 300 trading days, so the question becomes answerable around fifteen months in, not six weeks.
  5. Give one number and one decision, because wait is useless on its own. Offer a tripwire that makes waiting active: a pre-committed stop if the trailing 60-day mean IC turns negative, and a named review date.
Follow-up
  • Another desk called their signal working after four weeks. What do you say when the executive raises that?
  • What single observation before the review date would make you stop the signal early?
  • The six-week mean is minus 0.03 instead. Does your answer change in substance or only in sign?
  • 01

    Tell me about a time you made a mistake in a data analysis project. How did you identify the error, and what did you do to rectify it?

  • 02

    What are your favorite board games or card games, and what strategic principles do you apply when playing them?

  • 03

    A new signal has been live six weeks: 30 trading days of realized cross-sectional IC against a 5-day forward return, mean 0.030, standard deviation across days 0.12. An executive with no statistics background asks in a Monday meeting whether it is working and wants a yes or a no. You have the daily IC series and nothing else. Give an answer in three sentences plus one number the executive can hold onto, and say when the question becomes answerable.

PracHub interview preparation framework ↗
Is this an official Susquehanna International Group interview guide?

No. It is PracHub's own research and practice material for the Data Scientist role at Susquehanna International Group. Rounds and questions reflect what candidates have reported, not a process Susquehanna International Group has published, and they change over time. Confirm the current format and scope with your recruiter.

PracHub interview research ↗
How difficult is the Online Assessment, and how should I prepare for it?

The OA is notoriously difficult due to strict time limits (typically 17 questions in 60 minutes). The questions cover combinatorics, probability, and logic puzzles. To prepare, practice solving math competition-style problems and probability puzzles under timed conditions without using a calculator.

PracHub interview research ↗
Does SIG require prior financial experience for the Data Scientist role?

No. SIG cares far more about your core mathematical talent, logical reasoning, and coding capabilities. They have an industry-leading internal training program that will teach you the necessary financial and option-pricing concepts once you join.

PracHub interview research ↗
What is the culture like on the trading floor for Data Scientists?

The culture is highly meritocratic, collaborative, and fast-paced. There is very little hierarchy, and decisions are made based on data and logical merit. The environment is competitive but friendly, with a strong emphasis on continuous learning and game theory.

PracHub interview research ↗
Where are the primary locations for this role, and is there a relocation requirement?

The primary global headquarters is in Bala Cynwyd, PA (just outside of Philadelphia). There are also offices in New York, Sydney, Dublin, and London. Depending on the desk, some roles may require you to spend your first year at the headquarters in Pennsylvania for training and integration.

PracHub interview research ↗
Sources & methodology 3 sources ↗

No official company page is cited. Rounds and questions come from candidate reports and PracHub editorial material; each source shows the date it was read.