Design notification and feed recommenders

Q: Design notification and feed recommenders

This question evaluates an engineer's ability to design scalable, production-ready recommendation systems for notifications and home feeds, encompassing competencies in personalization, ranking, online serving, feature engineering, and balancing engagement with user experience while mitigating negative outcomes.

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Design two recommendation systems for a large visual-discovery platform:

Notification recommendation system : Decide whether to send a notification to a user, which content to include, and when to send it. The goal is to increase long-term engagement without causing notification fatigue, unsubscribes, or spam complaints.
Home-feed ranking system : Rank candidate visual posts for each user session. The goal is to maximize high-quality engagement while preserving freshness, diversity, safety, and latency requirements.

Discuss product goals, success metrics, data and labels, candidate generation, feature engineering, model choices, online serving architecture, experimentation, cold-start handling, exploration, and major failure modes.

Design notification and feed recommenders

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