Differentiate P-value and Confidence Interval in Statistics
Company: Apple
Role: Data Scientist
Category: Statistics & Math
Difficulty: medium
Interview Round: Onsite
##### Scenario
Fundamental statistics knowledge check
##### Question
Explain the difference between a p-value and a confidence interval. When would you use a t-test versus a chi-square test? Define Type I and Type II errors and give examples.
##### Hints
Focus on definitions, assumptions, and correct interpretation of results.
Quick Answer: This question evaluates a candidate's mastery of inferential statistics, including interpretation of p-values versus confidence intervals, selection and assumptions of hypothesis tests (t-test versus chi-square), and understanding of Type I and Type II errors.