Explain and Diagnose a Segmentation Fault
Company: Hudson River Trading
Role: Software Engineer
Category: Software Engineering Fundamentals
Difficulty: medium
Interview Round: Technical Screen
Overview: Explain how a segmentation fault arises from protected virtual-memory access and why the faulting instruction may be far removed from the original C++ bug. Diagnose it with symbols, core dumps, registers, stack traces, sanitizers, debuggers, memory maps, and focused regression tests.