Data Manipulation (SQL/Python) Interview Questions
Practice 653 real Data Manipulation (SQL/Python) interview questions for 2026. Covers companies like Meta, Amazon, TikTok, DoorDash, and Capital One. Real questions from actual interviews with detailed solutions — designed for focused interview preparation for data analysts, data scientists, and data engineers who must move fluidly between SQL and Python during live screens and take-home tasks. These questions emphasize practical skills: writing correct, efficient SQL (joins, GROUP BY, window functions, CTEs, NULL handling, and performance-aware predicates) and idiomatic Python/Pandas solutions (vectorized transforms, merges, reshaping, datetime handling, and robust data-cleaning). Interviewers evaluate correctness, edge-case reasoning, runtime and memory tradeoffs, reproducibility, and clear communication of assumptions. Expect timed whiteboard-style queries, pair-programming in a shared editor, and take-home notebooks. To prepare, practice translating SQL ↔ Pandas, explain results aloud, time-box exercises, test edge cases, and review common pitfalls such as NULL semantics, grouping logic, off-by-one errors, and inefficient joins.
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Analyze and Clean European Ecommerce Sales Data
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Calculate Response Rate and Compare User Survey Ratings
USERS user_id | signup_date 10 | 2024-03-20 11 | 2024-04-01 12 | 2024-04-05 SURVEYS survey_id | user_id | sent_at 1 | 10 ...
Calculate Average Session Length and Compare App Performance
user_sessions +---------+------------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+ | user_id | session_id | app | session_start ...
Identify and Flag Bot Traffic in Online Forum
PVE +----------+-----------+ | memberId | timestamp | +----------+-----------+ | 101 | 169100123 | | 102 | 169100225 | | 101 | 16910030...
Analyze Transaction Flow and User Engagement Efficiently
transactions +---------------+-------------+------------+--------+ | transaction_id| from_user_id| to_user_id | amount | +---------------+------------...
Count, Return, Find, and Select in SQL Queries
orders +----------+--------------+------------+--------+ | order_id | customer_id | order_date | amount | +----------+--------------+------------+---...
Calculate Cumulative Sum for Each Integer in Table
numbers +-----+ | num | +-----+ | 1 | | 2 | | 13 | | 14 | | 15 | +-----+ Scenario You have a table containing one integer per row; for each row...
Calculate Regional Revenue and Identify Top Customers
Customers | customer_id | name | region | |-------------|-------|--------| | 1 | Alice | East | | 2 | Bob | West | | 3 ...
Analyze User Flags and Review Outcomes for Moderation Prioritization
UserFlags +---------------+--------------+----------+---------+ | User_FirstName| User_LastName| Video_ID | Flag_ID | +---------------+--------------+...
Identify Users with Specific Page Visit Sequence
page_visits +------------+---------+---------+----------+ | date | user_id | page_id | ts | +------------+---------+---------+----------+ ...
Illustrate SQL Join Results with Duplicate Keys
TABLE1 +------+ | col1 | +------+ | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | +------+ TABLE2 +------+ | col1 | +------+ | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | | 1 |...
Calculate Weekly, Monthly Watch Hours for Paid Users
video_view_logs +---------+----------+----------------+------------+------------+ | user_id | video_id | watched_seconds| watch_date | device_type| +-...
Monitor Friend-Request System for Quality and Abuse
Friendship +--------------+-------------+---------------------+---------------------+ | requester_id | approver_id | request_ts | approval_ts...
Identify First Daily Order for Each Merchant
Orders +----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | order_id | merchant_id | amount | order_date | +----------+-------------+---------+-------...
Determine Old vs. New Users' Shop Visibility Changes
SHOP_VISIBILITY_HISTORY +----------+----------------+---------------------+-------------------+---------+ | user_id | user_signup_dt | action_timesta...
Calculate Weekly Thread Engagement with Reactions in SQL
messages +------------+--------+----------+--------------+---------------------+ | message_id | sender | receiver | has_reaction | timestamp ...
Calculate January-2024 SF Promotion Impact Using SQL Queries
campaign_users +---------+-----------+ | user_id | treatment | +---------+-----------+ | 1001 | control | | 1002 | test | | 1003 | con...
Calculate Total Spend and Identify Key User Metrics
Transactions +----+---------+--------+------------+ | id | user_id | amount | date | +----+---------+--------+------------+ | 1 | 101 | 23....
Identify Top Discounts and Monitor Code Submissions
Products +------------+----------+-------+----------+ | product_id | category | price | discount | +------------+----------+-------+----------+ | 101 ...
Analyze Conversation Engagement and Reaction Usage Effectively
messages +-----------+--------+----------+--------------+---------------------+ | messageid | sender | receiver | has_reaction | timestamp |...