Explain thermal and signal fundamentals

Company: Apple

Role: Software Engineer

Category: Software Engineering Fundamentals

Difficulty: hard

Interview Round: Onsite

Quick Answer: This question evaluates understanding of hardware fundamentals including thermal-resistance modeling, digital signal biasing (pull-up resistor selection), I2C bus frequency trade-offs, analog filtering and PCB/layout techniques for noise mitigation, and basic sensor-data analysis with box-plot interpretation.