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Explain RF/analog IC interview fundamentals
You are interviewing for an RF/analog IC design role. Answer the following conceptual questions (no code required). Assume you can introduce any reaso...
Prove reservoir sampling correctness
Design an algorithm to sample k items uniformly at random from a stream of unknown and potentially massive length N, using O(k) memory and one pass. (...
Derive and regularize logistic regression
Churn Propensity with Logistic Regression: Theory, Validation, and Decisions Context: You are building a churn propensity model (y ∈ {0,1}) using logi...
Handle unprofessional, prescriptive interviewers
You are mid-interview on a time-boxed SQL screen where the interviewer forbids JOINs and insists on window functions only, interrupts with a personal ...
Solve window-function SQL without joins
You must use only window functions (no JOINs). CTEs are allowed. Given the schemas and tiny samples below, write SQL for each sub-question and explain...
Write SQL to analyze response accuracy and speed
You are given response-level data for an online assessment with sections verbal/design/analytics and verbal subtypes grammar/vocab/tense/other. Using ...
Diagnose and fix linear regression violations
Given a linear model y = Xβ + ε on 10,000 observations: (a) State all Gauss–Markov assumptions and which are needed for BLUE vs inference. (b) Show wh...
Simulate via inverse transform and Gibbs
Inverse transform: (a) Derive an algorithm to simulate from the Logistic(μ, s) distribution using its CDF and inverse CDF; show how to obtain samples ...
Detect clickbait without labels, then supervise
Detecting Clickbait Ads Without Labeled Data Context You are asked to detect clickbait ad creatives when there is no labeled training data. You have i...
Design a hybrid marketplace fraud system
Design a Fraud Detection System for a Marketplace and Profile Credentials Context You are a data scientist at a two‑sided marketplace where users can ...
Explain OS usage gap via trees
iOS vs. Android Usage Gap: Modeling, Causality, Telemetry, Missing Data, and Segmented Actions Context You observe that Instagram usage is substantial...
Decide launch with asymmetric costs
Launch Decision Under Asymmetric Costs (Experiment p=0.10) Context You ran an A/B test on a churn‑reduction feature. The test's p‑value was 0.10 (sugg...
Design metrics resilient to data quality
Design a robust metric and compute it using only window functions (no JOINs) to show how data-quality issues change conclusions. Schema: payments_raw(...
Build SQL pivot with lookups and currency conversion
You are given the following schema and sample data. Use SQL (or Python with SQL-like transforms) to answer the tasks below. Treat amounts as gross rev...
Defend fit and handle pressure in finance interview
A panel of three senior managers challenges you: "Your background is data science, not finance. Why are you the right hire for a Finance Analyst role ...
Implement multiplication without using the multiplication operator
Implement int multiply(int a, int b) without using * or /. You may use +, −, bitwise operators, and shifts. Requirements: - Handle negatives, zero, an...
Design anomaly detection and handle imbalanced logistic regression
You receive a time‑stamped transactions dataset: columns [event_time (UTC), customer_id, merchant_id, amount, country, device_type, features...], labe...
Explain motivations, customer ownership, mentoring, and culture fit
1) Why are you leaving your current company? Answer in <90 seconds, avoid negativity, and tie your reason to specific growth you seek (e.g., owning an...
Design and power an A/B on question mix
Experiment Design: Replacing 10% "Other" Verbal With Grammar in a 15-Min, 19-Question Section You need to test whether replacing the 10% "other" verba...
Compute counts and pacing for verbal section
Verbal Section Allocation and Time Optimization You are designing a 15-minute verbal section (900 seconds total) with 19 questions across four subtype...