ML System Design Interview Questions
Practice 285 real ML System Design interview questions for 2026. Covers companies like OpenAI, Meta, Amazon, Anthropic, and Google. Real questions from actual interviews with detailed solutions. This collection targets ML System Design interview questions and interview preparation for roles that must bridge modeling, data engineering, and production reliability. What’s distinctive: expect LLM- and RAG-focused problems (inference efficiency, retrieval, hallucination controls), feature-store and data-lineage designs, real-time versus batch inference trade-offs, GPU/TPU serving patterns (batching, KV-caches), monitoring for data and concept drift, and production CI/CD for models. Interviewers evaluate your ability to clarify requirements, choose constraints-aware architectures, reason about cost and latency, and specify metrics and guardrails for safety and observability. To prepare, practice drawing layered diagrams (ingestion, storage, feature pipeline, training, registry, serving, monitoring), rehearse trade-offs aloud, and build short writeups outlining metrics, retraining strategy, and rollback/alerting plans. Focus on clear assumptions, end-to-end reproducibility, and concrete operational details that show you can ship and maintain ML at scale.

"I got asked a hardcore MCM DP question and I saw it on PracHub as well. Solved that question in 5 minutes. Without PracHub I doubt I could solve it in 5 hours. Though somehow didn't get hired, perhaps I guess I solved it too fast? /s"

"Believe me i'm a student here jn US. Recently interviewed for MSFT. They asked me exact question from PracHub. I saw it the night before and ignored it cause why waste time on random sites. I legit wanna go back and redo this whole thing if I had chance. Not saying will work for everyone but there is certainly some merit to that website. And i'm gonna use it in future prep from now on like lc tagged"

"10 years of experience but never worked at a top company. PracHub's senior-level questions helped me break into FAANG at 35. Age is just a number."

"I was skeptical about the 'real questions' claim, so I put it to the test. I searched for the exact question I got grilled on at my last Meta onsite... and it was right there. Word for word."

"Got a Google recruiter call on Monday, interview on Friday. Crammed PracHub for 4 days. Passed every round. This platform is a miracle worker."

"I've used LC, Glassdoor, and random Discords. Nothing comes close to the accuracy here. The questions are actually current — that's what got me. Felt like I had a cheat sheet during the interview."

"The solution quality is insane. It covers approach, edge cases, time complexity, follow-ups. Nothing else comes close."

"Legit the only resource you need. TC went from 180k -> 350k. Just memorize the top 50 for your target company and you're golden."

"PracHub Premium for one month cost me the price of two coffees a week. It landed me a $280K+ starting offer."

"Literally just signed a $600k offer. I only had 2 weeks to prep, so I focused entirely on the company-tagged lists here. If you're targeting L5+, don't overthink it."

"Coaches and bootcamp prep courses cost around $200-300 but PracHub Premium is actually less than a Netflix subscription. And it landed me a $178K offer."

"I honestly don't know how you guys gather so many real interview questions. It's almost scary. I walked into my Amazon loop and recognized 3 out of 4 problems from your database."

"Discovered PracHub 10 days before my interview. By day 5, I stopped being nervous. By interview day, I was actually excited to show what I knew."

"I recently cleared Uber interviews (strong hire in the design round) and all the questions were present in prachub."
"The search is what sold me. I typed in a really niche DP problem I got asked last year and it actually came up, full breakdown and everything. These guys are clearly updating it constantly."
Design prompts for JSON-only LLM responses
Design an LLM request that returns strict JSON only Context You are designing a backend call to an LLM for a technical screen (System Design & Enginee...
Design a natural-language AEP Q&A assistant
System Design: Natural-Language Assistant for Adobe Experience Platform (AEP) Goal Design a natural-language assistant for AEP that helps marketers: 1...
Stabilize LLM inference and estimate needed repeats
You run an LLM-based sentiment model to score a fixed dataset of texts. Because the inference API doesn’t let you set temperature (and outputs are sto...
Design a recommendation system
Design a User–Item Recommendation System Context You are asked to design an end-to-end recommendation service that suggests items to users. The servic...
Estimate VRAM and compare model parallelism
You are a performance engineer reasoning about GPU memory and parallelism for a transformer-like workload whose runtime is dominated by large matrix m...
Design an ML keyword recommendation pipeline
ML System Design: Typed Search Keyword Recommendations for an App Marketplace Goal Design an end-to-end ML pipeline that, given a user query (e.g., "g...
Design comment ranking for a news feed
Design an ML-powered system to rank comments under posts in a news feed product. Requirements - For each feed item (post/story), users can open the co...
Design logo infringement detection system
Scenario You work for a large e-commerce company. Brands register their official logos with you (e.g., Nike swoosh, Apple logo, etc.). Third-party sel...
Design a Multimodal Neural Network
Design Prompt: Multimodal Text–Image Retrieval and Classification Context You are building a production system that uses both text (titles/description...
Design real-time grid ETA for drivers
Real-Time Grid-ETA System Design You are tasked with designing a real-time system that maintains the remaining ETA for every driver currently located ...
Design a Skills inference system
Design an end-to-end ML system to power a "Skills" feature for a professional social network. The product wants to: - Extract and infer a member’s ski...
Design a fraud detection system
Design a Real-Time Payment Fraud Detection System Design an ML-powered system that scores each online card-not-present (CNP) payment during authorizat...
Design place-of-interest ML system
Design a POI (Places of Interest) Recommendation System Context Design a global POI recommender for a mobile maps/feed product that suggests nearby pl...
Design recommendation and weapon-ad detection systems
You are asked to design two end-to-end ML systems. 1) Personalized recommendation system Design a system that recommends items (e.g., videos/products/...
What skills are needed for AI infra roles?
You interviewed for an AI infrastructure / LLM serving internship role and were told the rejection reason was insufficient familiarity with vLLM, incl...
Design an ML job scheduler
Design a system that accepts user-submitted machine learning jobs and schedules them across multiple compute clusters containing heterogeneous CPU and...
Design an HR Document AI Platform
Design an internal AI platform for a bank's HR organization. The platform should ingest HR documents such as policies, benefits guides, onboarding man...
Design LLM search handling long token inputs
You are asked to design an LLM-powered search system that lets users query a large corpus of documents (e.g., internal wikis, PDFs, logs, and web page...
Design nearby place recommendations
Real‑Time Nearby Places Recommendation System Context Design a mobile feature that recommends nearby places (e.g., restaurants, shops, attractions) to...
Implement KV cache for inference
Design Task: Key–Value Cache for Transformer Decoder Inference Context You are building an autoregressive inference engine for a Transformer decoder-o...