ML System Design Interview Questions
Practice 285 real ML System Design interview questions for 2026. Covers companies like OpenAI, Meta, Amazon, Anthropic, and Google. Real questions from actual interviews with detailed solutions. This collection targets ML System Design interview questions and interview preparation for roles that must bridge modeling, data engineering, and production reliability. What’s distinctive: expect LLM- and RAG-focused problems (inference efficiency, retrieval, hallucination controls), feature-store and data-lineage designs, real-time versus batch inference trade-offs, GPU/TPU serving patterns (batching, KV-caches), monitoring for data and concept drift, and production CI/CD for models. Interviewers evaluate your ability to clarify requirements, choose constraints-aware architectures, reason about cost and latency, and specify metrics and guardrails for safety and observability. To prepare, practice drawing layered diagrams (ingestion, storage, feature pipeline, training, registry, serving, monitoring), rehearse trade-offs aloud, and build short writeups outlining metrics, retraining strategy, and rollback/alerting plans. Focus on clear assumptions, end-to-end reproducibility, and concrete operational details that show you can ship and maintain ML at scale.

"I got asked a hardcore MCM DP question and I saw it on PracHub as well. Solved that question in 5 minutes. Without PracHub I doubt I could solve it in 5 hours. Though somehow didn't get hired, perhaps I guess I solved it too fast? /s"

"Believe me i'm a student here jn US. Recently interviewed for MSFT. They asked me exact question from PracHub. I saw it the night before and ignored it cause why waste time on random sites. I legit wanna go back and redo this whole thing if I had chance. Not saying will work for everyone but there is certainly some merit to that website. And i'm gonna use it in future prep from now on like lc tagged"

"10 years of experience but never worked at a top company. PracHub's senior-level questions helped me break into FAANG at 35. Age is just a number."

"I was skeptical about the 'real questions' claim, so I put it to the test. I searched for the exact question I got grilled on at my last Meta onsite... and it was right there. Word for word."

"Got a Google recruiter call on Monday, interview on Friday. Crammed PracHub for 4 days. Passed every round. This platform is a miracle worker."

"I've used LC, Glassdoor, and random Discords. Nothing comes close to the accuracy here. The questions are actually current — that's what got me. Felt like I had a cheat sheet during the interview."

"The solution quality is insane. It covers approach, edge cases, time complexity, follow-ups. Nothing else comes close."

"Legit the only resource you need. TC went from 180k -> 350k. Just memorize the top 50 for your target company and you're golden."

"PracHub Premium for one month cost me the price of two coffees a week. It landed me a $280K+ starting offer."

"Literally just signed a $600k offer. I only had 2 weeks to prep, so I focused entirely on the company-tagged lists here. If you're targeting L5+, don't overthink it."

"Coaches and bootcamp prep courses cost around $200-300 but PracHub Premium is actually less than a Netflix subscription. And it landed me a $178K offer."

"I honestly don't know how you guys gather so many real interview questions. It's almost scary. I walked into my Amazon loop and recognized 3 out of 4 problems from your database."

"Discovered PracHub 10 days before my interview. By day 5, I stopped being nervous. By interview day, I was actually excited to show what I knew."

"I recently cleared Uber interviews (strong hire in the design round) and all the questions were present in prachub."
"The search is what sold me. I typed in a really niche DP problem I got asked last year and it actually came up, full breakdown and everything. These guys are clearly updating it constantly."
Design Harmful Content Detection
Design an end-to-end machine learning system to detect harmful user-generated content on a large online platform. Assume the platform accepts text and...
Design a system for LinkedIn Skills
Design an ML system for “LinkedIn Skills”. The system should infer and/or recommend skills for members, and support downstream use cases like search/r...
Design real-time fraud detection under 50ms
Design a real-time fraud detection system for a payments company that processes millions of transactions per day. Requirements: - For each incoming tr...
Design model deployment, monitoring, and low-latency inference
You have trained a fraud detection model and need to productionize it. Part A: Deployment - How would you deploy an ML model to production? - What art...
Design an OOD detection system
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Design a cloud AI inference platform
System Design: Cloud AI Inference Platform for Real-Time and Batch Context Design a multi-tenant cloud platform that serves machine learning models fo...
Design an LLM-based binary classifier
Design a Binary Text Classifier Using Only a Log-Probability Scoring Helper Context You are building a binary text classifier without fine-tuning. You...
Design an ads ranking system with calibration
ML System Design: Ads Ranking (e-commerce) Design an online ads ranking (ad “re-ranking”) system for an e-commerce app. The system receives a request ...
Design quality checks for spreadsheet LLM data
You are given a dataset for a spreadsheet assistant. Each example contains: 1. a natural-language prompt, 2. an Excel-style table or worksheet represe...
Design a RAG system end to end
Design a Retrieval‑Augmented Generation (RAG) System for Enterprise Text Context You are building a production RAG system that answers employee questi...
Design Detection Systems for Risk and Safety
The machine learning system design rounds focused on designing end-to-end production systems for several detection problems: 1. Bank fraud detection: ...
Design a customer LTV prediction system
System Design: End-to-End ML for Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) Context You are designing an end-to-end machine learning system to estimate customer li...
Design a grounded voice assistant
You are designing a voice assistant response system similar to Siri. The assistant uses a large language model together with external tools or APIs to...
Design a scalable video search system
Design a Text-to-Video and Video-to-Video Search System Context You are tasked with designing an end-to-end multimodal retrieval system that supports ...
Design a cold-start video recommender
Design a cold-start recommendation pipeline for a short-video platform. The system must work for both new users with little or no interaction history ...
Design an ML-powered search system
Scenario Design an end-to-end search system for a consumer product (e.g., an e-commerce marketplace or content platform) where users type queries and ...
Design a Recommendation Ranking System
You are interviewing for a staff-level machine learning role focused on recommendation systems. Design an online recommendation ranking system for a c...
Design a video recommendation system
Scenario Design an end-to-end video recommendation system for a short-video or spotlight-style feed. Requirements 1. Product goals - Personalized r...
Discuss ML infrastructure fundamentals
ML System Design: Infra Stack, Feature Store, Reproducibility, and Monitoring Context: You are designing and operating a machine learning platform tha...
Improve Trust in a RAG System
You own an enterprise retrieval-augmented generation system used for high-stakes document question answering, such as mortgage underwriting, legal rev...