Amazon Interview Questions
Practice 631 real Amazon interview questions for 2026. Covers all top categories — Coding & Algorithms, Behavioral & Leadership, Machine Learning, Data Manipulation (SQL/Python), and System Design — across Software Engineer, Data Scientist, Machine Learning Engineer, Product Manager, and Business Intelligence Engineer roles. Real Amazon interview questions from actual interviews with detailed solutions; use this collection for interview preparation that emphasizes shipping at scale, measurable impact, and the company’s Leadership Principles. Expect coding-heavy assessments for Software Engineer candidates: frequent tree and dynamic-programming problems, two-array optimization patterns, nested object/path lookups, and system-design prompts that mirror product flows (online Minesweeper, pizza-ordering, credit-card and shipping/cost systems), plus leadership and collaboration behavioral prompts. Data Scientist rounds concentrate on experimentation and metrics (A/B design, hand p-values, D7 retention SQL), RAG/recommender evaluation, and product-impact analyses. ML Engineer questions focus on production model design, LLM/agent concepts, reliability (cold start, training stability, online vs offline gaps), and large-scale detection pipelines. PM interviews stress customer-obsessed stories, ambiguity, Alexa product launches, and domain-specific data pipelines. Prepare with timed coding practice, end-to-end experiment writeups, STAR stories framed to Leadership Principles, and mock system-design sessions.

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Design device telemetry pipeline for real-time and batch
Design a distributed system that ingests telemetry from millions of devices and supports both: - Real-time analytics (near-real-time dashboards/alerts...
Solve Union-Find, Graph, and Stream Problems
Solve the following independent coding problems. 1. Merge Product Categories You are given a list of tuples (productA, productB). Each tuple means the...
Describe projects and handle challenges
Describe projects and handle challenges Behavioral Interview Prompts — Software Engineer (Onsite) Context: In an onsite behavioral interview for a Sof...
Test whether two user populations differ
Problem You are given two groups of users: - Group A: North America users - Group B: Europe users Each user has a vector of continuous features (e.g.,...
Describe using customer data
Describe using customer data Tell me about a time you used customer data to shape or build a product. How did you identify the customer problem, what ...
Choose Models for Imbalanced Data and Time-Series Forecasting
Choose Models for Imbalanced Data and Time-Series Forecasting Scenario You must choose and tune models for (a) forecasting marketplace demand with sea...
Assess Amazon Leadership Principles in Behavioral Interviews
Assess Amazon Leadership Principles in Behavioral Interviews Scenario Amazon Data Scientist (often L5) onsite — the Leadership Principles (LP) behavio...
Brainstorm a business problem approach
Brainstorm a business problem approach Analytics & Experimentation Brainstorm (Scenario Provided) Context You are evaluating a feature proposal for a ...
Demonstrate Leadership Principles in Projects
Demonstrate Leadership Principles in Projects This Amazon Software Engineer behavioral/technical screen asks you to demonstrate the Amazon Leadership ...
Maximize capacity with primary-backup pairing
You are given n servers, where server i has memory capacity memory[i]. A valid system must contain an even number of servers. If the system contains 2...
Diagnose Causes and Test Hypotheses for Metric Drop
Diagnosing and Testing a Sudden Metric Drop A large consumer web or mobile product sees its key business metric drop materially and suddenly. Assume s...
Design rolling-window top-K click tracker
Design rolling-window top-K click tracker You receive a high-volume stream of click events (timestamp in ms, url). Implement a data structure with two...
Contrast CNNs and fully connected networks
Compare convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with fully connected (dense) networks. Explain: - The structural differences between convolutional layers...
Compare decision trees and random forests
Compare decision trees and random forests. In your answer, discuss: - How a single decision tree is built and its main advantages and disadvantages. -...
Describe overfitting and L1/L2 regularization
Define overfitting in machine learning and explain why it is harmful. Then describe L1 and L2 regularization: - How each one modifies the loss functio...
Explain the bias–variance trade-off
Explain the bias–variance trade-off in supervised learning. In your answer, cover: - What bias and variance mean in the context of a prediction model....
Optimize with a cache/hash map
Question This is a follow-up to your existing implementation (for example, a script that repeatedly resolves file paths or parses license strings into...
Explain Logistic Regression Fundamentals
Logistic Regression from First Principles Assumptions and Notation - Binary classification with labels y ∈ {0, 1} and features x ∈ R^d. - Linear score...
Design a basic task management system
Design a Simple Task Management Service Requirements Design a simple task management system that supports: 1. Add a new task with a unique ID and desc...
Explain a research project in depth
Walk Through a Research Project You Led (End-to-End) Provide a concise, structured narrative that demonstrates scientific rigor, engineering depth, an...