Amazon Interview Questions

Amazon Coding & Algorithms Interview Questions

Practice 695 real Amazon interview questions for 2026. Covers all top categories — Coding & Algorithms, Behavioral & Leadership, Machine Learning, Data Manipulation (SQL/Python), and System Design — across Software Engineer, Data Scientist, Machine Learning Engineer, Product Manager, and Business Intelligence Engineer roles. Real Amazon interview questions from actual interviews with detailed solutions; use this collection for interview preparation that emphasizes shipping at scale, measurable impact, and the company’s Leadership Principles. Expect coding-heavy assessments for Software Engineer candidates: frequent tree and dynamic-programming problems, two-array optimization patterns, nested object/path lookups, and system-design prompts that mirror product flows (online Minesweeper, pizza-ordering, credit-card and shipping/cost systems), plus leadership and collaboration behavioral prompts. Data Scientist rounds concentrate on experimentation and metrics (A/B design, hand p-values, D7 retention SQL), RAG/recommender evaluation, and product-impact analyses. ML Engineer questions focus on production model design, LLM/agent concepts, reliability (cold start, training stability, online vs offline gaps), and large-scale detection pipelines. PM interviews stress customer-obsessed stories, ambiguity, Alexa product launches, and domain-specific data pipelines. Prepare with timed coding practice, end-to-end experiment writeups, STAR stories framed to Leadership Principles, and mock system-design sessions.

695 Questions 1 Company08.11.2026
Showing 20 results
Role
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Data Scientist

Describe Overcoming Obstacles and Taking Calculated Risks

Describe Overcoming Obstacles and Taking Calculated Risks This is an Amazon leadership interview prompt for a data scientist role. The interviewer is ...

Behavioral & Leadership
14
0
63 people solved
Jul 12, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Business Intelligence Engineer

Compute First Order Proportions by Day and Category

ORDERS +----------+------------+----------+-------------+ | order_id | date | category | customer_id | +----------+------------+----------+-----...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
6
0
20 people solved
Jul 12, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Easy
Software Engineer

Describe a complex problem you solved

Behavioral questions 1. Complex problem: Tell me about a time you worked on a complex technical problem. - What made it complex (scale, ambiguity, ...

Behavioral & Leadership
5
0
60 people solved
Oct 18, 2025
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Amazon
Medium
Software Engineer Locked

Compute total revenue from greedy VM rentals

This question evaluates understanding of greedy allocation strategies and the ability to maintain dynamic summaries (tracking current maximum and smal...

Coding & Algorithms
23
0
307 people solved
Feb 12, 2026
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist Locked

Design a robust traffic forecasting pipeline

This question evaluates a candidate's competency in end-to-end time-series forecasting pipeline design, covering data cleaning and missing-value handl...

Machine Learning
5
0
42 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist Locked

Explain random forests, bagging, and evaluation

This question evaluates understanding of ensemble learning and model evaluation, covering Random Forest aggregation, feature subsampling, bagging vers...

Machine Learning
5
0
54 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data ScientistSenior+

Design and analyze pricing-page A/B test

AB Test Plan: New Pricing-Page Layout Context: You will run a 2-arm online experiment on a pricing page. The primary metric is user-level paid convers...

Analytics & Experimentation
2
0
52 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist

Explain complex tech to non-technical stakeholder

Behavioral: Explain a Complex Modeling Decision to a Non‑Technical Sales Leader You are asked to explain a complex modeling decision from a résumé pro...

Behavioral & Leadership
1
0
24 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist

Measure PMF for Alexa Shopping

Define and Measure Product–Market Fit (PMF) for Alexa Shopping Context You are designing a measurement plan to assess PMF for Alexa Shopping, where cu...

Analytics & Experimentation
2
0
33 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist

Prove new allocation outperforms manual baseline

Prove an Automated Package-Allocation System Outperforms Manual Baseline Context You work in a large last‑mile logistics network evaluating a new auto...

Analytics & Experimentation
5
0
39 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist

Build a package-allocation model for couriers

Automatic Package-to-Courier Assignment with ML + Optimization You previously assigned packages to couriers manually. Design an end-to-end system that...

Machine Learning
5
0
61 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
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Amazon
Medium
Data Scientist

Design SQL/Pandas aggregations on retail schema

Using the schema and sample data below, answer both parts. Assume today is 2025-09-01. Use standard SQL (e.g., PostgreSQL) and idiomatic pandas withou...

Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
0
0
7 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Data Scientist

Derive and compare core ML and RL methods

ML Fundamentals Technical Screen — Multi‑part Question Context: You are given a set of core machine learning topics to address rigorously. For each pa...

Machine Learning
11
0
81 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Data Scientist

Demonstrate leadership with quantifiable STAR stories

Create Four Concise STAR(L) Stories for a Data Scientist Technical Screen Context You are preparing for a Data Scientist technical screen. Craft four ...

Behavioral & Leadership
4
0
40 people solved
Oct 13, 2025
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Amazon
Medium
Product Manager

Communicating Top-Down Change

Communicating Top-Down Change Across an Operations Organization A VP has mandated an operations-wide initiative to improve safety, increase efficiency...

Behavioral & Leadership
10
0
51 people solved
Jul 4, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Product Manager

Recovering a Lost Deliverable

Incident Scenario: Recovering a Lost Deliverable You are the PM leading a three-person team on the build-out of a new train station in a regulated env...

Product / Decision Making
11
0
47 people solved
Jul 4, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Product Manager

Amazon Fit, Motivation & Leadership Principles

Amazon Product Manager Fit, Motivation, and Leadership Principles Prepare for an Amazon Product Manager behavioral onsite focused on motivation, role ...

Behavioral & Leadership
8
0
56 people solved
Jul 4, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Product Manager

Behavioral: Ambiguity & Conflict Resolution

Behavioral Prompt: Ambiguity and Conflict Resolution You are interviewing for a Product Manager phone screen at a large, customer-obsessed, data-drive...

Behavioral & Leadership
15
0
102 people solved
Jul 4, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Hard
Product Manager

Delivery Driver Performance Evaluation Framework

Product Analytics Prompt: Fair Delivery Driver Performance Evaluation Amazon currently tracks only two measures per driver: number of packages deliver...

Product / Decision Making
21
0
107 people solved
Jul 4, 2025
Amazon logo
Amazon
Medium
Product Manager

Innovation, Root Cause, and Deadline Management Stories

Behavioral and Leadership Prompt: Innovation, Root Cause, and Deadline Management You are preparing for a Product Manager behavioral or leadership int...

Behavioral & Leadership
15
0
57 people solved
Jul 4, 2025

Frequently Asked Questions

How difficult are Amazon interview questions for software, data, and product roles?
Amazon interviews are competitive and deliberately broad: expect medium-to-hard algorithmic coding for software roles, deep design thinking for system and architecture questions, rigorous experiment and metrics work for data roles, and leadership-driven behavioral prompts for product and PM positions. Difficulty scales with level; early-career loops focus on correctness and problem patterns, senior loops demand scalable design, tradeoff justification, and measurable impact. The Bar Raiser raises the bar on long-term ownership and cultural fit. Overall, the process weeds for both technical depth and the ability to explain tradeoffs, so prepare to demonstrate repeatable problem solving under time pressure.
What is the Amazon interview process and where do the top categories and positions appear in the loop?
Amazon typically uses a staged process: resume screen, role-specific assessments or phone screens in some tracks, then the onsite loop of 4–6 interviews including a Bar Raiser. Coding and algorithms rounds dominate for Software Engineer interviews, while system design appears in one or more senior technical rounds. Data Scientist interviews blend SQL/Python casework, A/B test design, and inferential questions. Machine Learning Engineer loops probe model deployment, offline to online debugging, and NLP/agent design. Product and BI roles focus on metrics, product tradeoffs, and Leadership Principles throughout the loop, with role-specific deep dives tied to the job description.
How long should I prepare for Amazon interviews and what should a timeline look like?
Aim for a focused 6–12 week plan for experienced roles and 4–8 weeks for early-career candidates. Weeks 1–3: shore up fundamentals — arrays, trees, graphs, DP, and core SQL windowing. Weeks 4–6: simulate timed coding rounds, practice system design high-level tradeoffs, and build STAR stories mapped to Leadership Principles. Weeks 7–10: run mock loops with behavioral pressure, refine experiment and ML case studies, and rehearse tradeoff conversations. Leave final 1–2 weeks for targeted practice on role-specific themes such as shipping costs, RAG evaluation, or Alexa product scenarios.
Which key subtopics should I master to perform well across Amazon's top roles?
Master algorithmic patterns including trees, dynamic programming, two-pointer and graph traversals, and complexity justification for coding rounds. For system design, focus on APIs, data models, scaling, caching, reliability, and monitoring. Data roles require SQL window functions, cohort and retention analysis, A/B test design and power, and RAG/evaluation methods for ML-backed features. Machine learning engineers must know model stability, cold-start strategies, online-offline mismatch debugging, and agent alignment basics. Product candidates should be fluent in metric design, customer-observed data pipelines, and prioritization with quantifiable impact.
What standout tips and common pitfalls should I know before interviewing at Amazon?
Start every behavioral or technical story with context and measurable outcomes; interviewers care about specific impact and tradeoffs. Use STAR for leadership prompts but emphasize metrics and follow-on changes. In coding, verbalize assumptions, test edge cases, and discuss complexity and alternative approaches. In design rounds, ask clarifying questions, scope deliberately, and justify scaling choices. Common pitfalls include weak quantification of impact, ignoring the Leadership Principles, failing to probe requirements, and delivering designs without operational considerations. Practice mock loops and incorporate Bar Raiser-style feedback to close gaps before the real loop.

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